Bird Identifier
American Robin
Order: Passeriformes; Family: Turdidae

American Robin

Turdus migratorius

A large, North American thrush known for its cheerful song and orange breast. Often seen hopping on lawns searching for worms.

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Plumage & appearance

Adults have a gray-brown back, a warm orange or reddish breast, and a dark head. Males are darker-headed than females. Juveniles have spotted breasts and paler plumage.

Key field marks

Orange-red breast, white eye-ring, yellow bill with a dark tip, and dark gray-brown upperparts.

Size & weight

Length: 20-28 cm; Wingspan: 31-40 cm; Weight: 72-94 g

Voice — call & song

A musical, whistling song often described as 'cheery, carol, cheery, carol'. Calls include a sharp 'peek' and a 'tut-tut-tut' alarm call.

Diet & foraging

Omnivorous; primarily earthworms and insects in spring and summer, switching to berries and fruits in fall and winter.

Habitat

Common in lawns, gardens, parks, woodlands, orchards, and forest edges.

Migration & movement

Migratory or resident; many northern populations move south in winter, while southern populations may stay year-round or move nomadically in search of food.

Nesting & breeding

Builds a cup-shaped nest of grass, twigs, and mud usually on a tree branch or building ledge. Lays 3-5 sky-blue eggs.

Similar species

Varied Thrush (has a dark breast band), Spotted Towhee (has white spots on wings and red eyes).

Ecological significance

Significant as a disperser of seeds from the fruit it consumes and as a predator of soil invertebrates; also a key indicator of environmental health concerning pesticides.

Conservation status

Least Concern (Population increasing)

Observation tips

Look for them on suburban lawns in the early morning or evening. They are easily spotted while they are foraging for earthworms or singing from high perches.

Interesting facts

The American Robin's blue eggs are so iconic that 'Robin’s egg blue' is a standard color name. They can eat large amounts of fermented berries, which can occasionally make them appear intoxicated.