American Robin
Scientific Name: Turdus migratorius
Classification: Order: Passeriformes; Family: Turdidae

Brief Description
A medium-sized songbird known for its bright orange chest and cheerful song. It is often seen hopping on lawns looking for earthworms.
Additional Information
- Region of Origin: North America; found throughout the continent from Alaska and Canada to central Mexico.
- Typical Sighting Period: Year-round in many temperate areas, most conspicuous in spring and summer.
- Plumage Details: Grayish-brown upperparts, warm orange-red breast, and a white lower belly. The head is dark with a broken white eye-ring. Males have darker heads than females; juveniles have spotted breasts.
- Ecological Significance: Crucial role in seed dispersal through fruit consumption and acts as a biological control for garden pests and insects.
- Conservation Status: Least Concern (Population increasing)
- Observation Tips: Easily found on short-grass lawns, gardens, and parks. Look for the 'run-and-stop' behavior when they forage for worms.
Size & Weight
Length: 20-28 cm; Wingspan: 31-41 cm; Weight: 77-85 g
Diet
Invertebrates (earthworms, beetles, caterpillars) and fruit (berries and wild fruits).
Habitat
Open woodlands, gardens, parks, suburbs, and agricultural fields.
Migration
Short-distance migrant; many individuals remain in the northern US and Canada over winter if food is available.
Voice (Call & Song)
A musical 'cheery-up, cheerio' song; calls include a sharp 'peek' or a tutting sound.
Nesting & Breeding
Builds cup-shaped nests of grass and mud in trees or on ledges; 3-5 sky-blue eggs per clutch; 2-3 broods per year.
Key Field Marks
Orange-red breast, dark head with white eye-ring, yellow bill with a black tip, and white spots at the corners of the tail in flight.
Similar Species
Varied Thrush (has a dark breast band), European Robin (smaller, different shape), Spotted Towhee (different bill and white spots).
Interesting Facts
American Robins are the state bird of Connecticut, Michigan, and Wisconsin. They are famous for their sky-blue eggs, which have inspired the color 'Robin's Egg Blue'.