
Order: Passeriformes; Family: Cardinalidae
Painted Bunting
Passerina ciris
Often called the most beautiful bird in North America, the Painted Bunting is a small, shy seed-eater that prefers thick cover.
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Plumage & appearance
Adult males are spectacularly multicolored with blue heads, red underparts, and green backs. Adult females and juveniles are entirely bright green (unusual for songbirds). Second-year males may also appear green but can show patches of blue.
Key field marks
Males have a distinct blue head, red breast, and lime-green back. Females are exceptionally bright green compared to other sparrow-like birds.
Size & weight
Length: 4.7-5.5 in; Wingspan: 7.9-9.1 in; Weight: 13-19 g.
Voice — call & song
A musical, sweet, high-pitched warble; the call is a sharp 'chip'.
Diet & foraging
Primarily seeds during winter and insects (like grasshoppers and caterpillars) during the breeding season.
Habitat
Low-lying brush, forest edges, coastal scrub, and overgrown fields.
Migration & movement
Migratory; breeds in the U.S. and winters in Florida, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.
Nesting & breeding
Open-cup nest built low in a shrub or tree. Clutch size is typically 3-4 eggs; females incubate alone.
Similar species
Indigo Bunting (males are all blue); Varied Bunting (males are darker purple/plum; females are drabber brownish-green).
Ecological significance
Contributes to seed dispersal and insect population control within its brushy habitats.
Conservation status
Near Threatened (IUCN); population is declining due to habitat loss and the illegal pet trade.
Observation tips
Listen for the sweet, warbling song during spring. They are secretive; look for them in dense shrubbery or at bird feeders offering white millet.
Interesting facts
In French, this bird is called 'nonpareil', meaning 'without equal', referring to its incredible coloration.
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